def format_time_hms(ms: int) -> str:
    """Format milliseconds as HH:MM:SS."""
    s = max(0, ms) // 1000
    return f"{s // 3600:02d}:{(s % 3600) // 60:02d}:{s % 60:02d}"

def format_time_short(ms: int) -> str:
    """Format milliseconds as MM:SS or HH:MM:SS if >= 1 hour."""
    s = int(max(0, ms) // 1000)
    if s >= 3600:
        return f"{s // 3600:02d}:{(s % 3600) // 60:02d}:{s % 60:02d}"
    return f"{(s % 3600) // 60:02d}:{s % 60:02d}"