Persist best efforts during import and add resumable backfill

app/__init__.py

@@ -67,6 +67,9 @@ def create_app(config=None):
     from .sync import register_cli
 
     register_cli(app)
+    from .records import register_cli as register_records_cli
+
+    register_records_cli(app)
 
     @login_manager.user_loader
     def load_user(user_id):

app/models.py

@@ -54,8 +54,11 @@ class Activity(db.Model):
     metrics = db.Column(db.JSON, nullable=False, default=dict, server_default="{}")
     visibility = db.Column(db.String(12), nullable=False, default="private")
     share_token = db.Column(db.String(64), unique=True)
-    samples = db.Column(db.JSON, nullable=False, default=list)
+    best_efforts = db.Column(db.JSON, nullable=False, default=list, server_default="[]")
-    laps = db.Column(db.JSON, nullable=False, default=list)
+    efforts_version = db.Column(db.Integer, nullable=False, default=0, server_default="0")
+    has_route = db.Column(db.Boolean, nullable=False, default=False, server_default=db.false())
+    samples = db.deferred(db.Column(db.JSON, nullable=False, default=list))
+    laps = db.deferred(db.Column(db.JSON, nullable=False, default=list))
     created_at = db.Column(db.DateTime(timezone=True), default=lambda: datetime.now(UTC))
     __table_args__ = (db.UniqueConstraint("owner_id", "source_key"),)
 

app/records.py

@@ -2,8 +2,11 @@
 
 from bisect import bisect_left, bisect_right
 
+import click
+
 from .analytics import numeric
 
+EFFORTS_VERSION = 1
 DISTANCES = (
     ("1 km", 1000),
     ("2 km", 2000),
@@ -75,15 +78,26 @@ def best_efforts(activity):
     return [best[label] for label, _ in DISTANCES if label in best]
 
 
+def persist_efforts(activity):
+    """Store derived data in the same transaction as the imported run."""
+    activity.best_efforts = best_efforts(activity)
+    activity.efforts_version = EFFORTS_VERSION
+    activity.has_route = any(sample.get("point") for sample in activity.samples)
+
+
 def record_book(activities):
-    """Recompute in activity chronology so backfills and removals stay correct.
+    """Compare persisted efforts in chronology; never read samples here.
 
     First efforts establish a record. Strict improvements earn historical PR
     badges, which remain on the run after a later activity beats that record.
     """
     records, runs = {}, {}
     for activity in sorted(activities, key=lambda row: (row.started_at, row.id)):
-        efforts = best_efforts(activity)
+        efforts = (
+            [dict(effort) for effort in activity.best_efforts]
+            if activity.efforts_version == EFFORTS_VERSION and activity.sport == "running"
+            else []
+        )
         for effort in efforts:
             previous = records.get(effort["label"])
             effort["pr"] = previous is None or effort["seconds"] < previous["seconds"] - 1e-6
@@ -91,3 +105,48 @@ def record_book(activities):
                 records[effort["label"]] = dict(effort, activity=activity)
         runs[activity.id] = efforts
     return {"records": [records[label] for label, _ in DISTANCES if label in records], "runs": runs}
+
+
+def register_cli(app):
+    @app.cli.command("backfill-efforts")
+    @click.option("--batch-size", default=25, type=click.IntRange(1, 1000), show_default=True)
+    @click.option("--owner-id", type=click.IntRange(1), help="Limit to one athlete.")
+    @click.option("--force", is_flag=True, help="Recalculate even current-version efforts.")
+    def backfill(batch_size, owner_id, force):
+        """Backfill persisted best efforts in bounded, resumable transactions."""
+        from sqlalchemy.orm import undefer
+
+        from .extensions import db
+        from .models import Activity
+
+        last_id, count = 0, 0
+        # A fixed upper bound prevents concurrent imports extending this run forever.
+        maximum = db.session.scalar(db.select(db.func.max(Activity.id))) or 0
+        while last_id < maximum:
+            query = db.select(Activity).where(Activity.id > last_id, Activity.id <= maximum)
+            if owner_id:
+                query = query.where(Activity.owner_id == owner_id)
+            if not force:
+                query = query.where(Activity.efforts_version != EFFORTS_VERSION)
+            rows = db.session.scalars(
+                query.options(undefer(Activity.samples))
+                .order_by(Activity.id)
+                .limit(batch_size)
+                .with_for_update()
+            ).all()
+            if not rows:
+                break
+            try:
+                for row in rows:
+                    persist_efforts(row)
+                last_id = rows[-1].id
+                db.session.commit()
+            except Exception as error:
+                db.session.rollback()
+                raise click.ClickException(
+                    "Backfill failed; completed batches are saved. Rerun to resume."
+                ) from error
+            count += len(rows)
+            db.session.expunge_all()
+            click.echo(f"Backfilled {count} activities (through ID {last_id}).")
+        click.echo(f"Complete: {count} activities backfilled; effort version {EFFORTS_VERSION}.")

app/routes.py

@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ def latest_mapped_run(rows):
         (
             row
             for row in rows
-            if row.sport == "running" and any(sample.get("point") for sample in row.samples)
+            if row.sport == "running" and row.has_route
         ),
         None,
     )

app/services.py

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ from garmin_sync.service import SyncError, complete, decode_fit
 
 from .extensions import db
 from .models import Activity
+from .records import persist_efforts
 
 
 def number(value, default=0):
@@ -110,6 +111,7 @@ def activity_from_fit(owner_id, source_key, documents, metadata=None, refresh=Fa
     }
     if existing:
         existing.samples, existing.laps, existing.metrics = samples, laps, metrics
+        persist_efforts(existing)
         return existing
     row = Activity(
         owner_id=owner_id,
@@ -125,6 +127,7 @@ def activity_from_fit(owner_id, source_key, documents, metadata=None, refresh=Fa
         samples=samples,
         laps=laps,
     )
+    persist_efforts(row)
     db.session.add(row)
     return row
 

docs/PERSONAL_RECORDS.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # Running personal records
 
-The dashboard and owner's run page now calculate estimated best efforts for
+Activity import calculates and persists estimated best efforts for
 1 km, 2 km, 5 km, 10 km, half marathon (21,097.5 m), and marathon (42,195 m).
 These are fastest stretches anywhere within a run, rather than lap times or
 times projected from average pace. All existing running activities participate.
@@ -22,8 +22,36 @@ These are estimates from watch data, not verified race records or an exact clone
 of Strava's proprietary calculation. GPS/distance spikes or sparse recording can
 affect results. There is currently no manual effort exclusion or correction UI.
 
-The initial implementation computes on page requests without a database migration.
+Imports (FIT upload, Garmin sync and local cache) persist per-run efforts in the
-For large histories, the next step is to persist per-run efforts at import time
+same transaction as the run. Refreshing recorded data recalculates the efforts.
-with an algorithm version, backfill existing runs, and query those small results.
+`efforts_version` identifies the calculation version; version 0 means pending.
+A current version with an empty list means calculated with no eligible distances.
+Page requests only compare stored efforts; there is no sample-based fallback.
+Raw samples and laps are deferred in list queries. Route availability is also
+persisted, so the dashboard can choose its map without loading historical samples.
+Chronological PR comparisons still happen on page requests, using at most six
+stored efforts per run, preserving correct badges after backfills or removals.
+
+After `flask --app app db upgrade`, run:
+
+```sh
+flask --app app backfill-efforts --batch-size 25
+```
+
+The command commits each bounded batch and skips current-version rows on reruns.
+It includes non-running and incomplete activities, storing an empty result when
+appropriate. `--owner-id ID` limits the operation to one athlete; `--force`
+recalculates current results. It uses row locks on PostgreSQL to coordinate with
+concurrent refreshes, and fixes an upper activity ID at the start so new imports
+do not extend the backfill indefinitely. New imports calculate their own results.
+No FIT files need to be downloaded again. On Dokku:
+
+```sh
+dokku run stride flask --app app backfill-efforts --batch-size 25
+```
+
+Until backfill finishes, pending activities do not contribute to records or
+route selection. Keep backfills separate from schema migrations so a large
+history does not delay every deployment.
 Further additions could include second/third-best medals, annual records, manual
 exclusion of bad recordings, and a selected-effort highlight on the route map.

migrations/versions/e57a0f824c61_persist_best_efforts.py

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+"""Persist versioned running best efforts and route availability."""
+
+import sqlalchemy as sa
+from alembic import op
+
+revision = "e57a0f824c61"
+down_revision = "d81b97ae5401"
+branch_labels = None
+depends_on = None
+
+
+def upgrade():
+    with op.batch_alter_table("activity") as batch_op:
+        batch_op.add_column(
+            sa.Column("best_efforts", sa.JSON(), nullable=False, server_default="[]")
+        )
+        batch_op.add_column(
+            sa.Column("efforts_version", sa.Integer(), nullable=False, server_default="0")
+        )
+        batch_op.add_column(
+            sa.Column("has_route", sa.Boolean(), nullable=False, server_default=sa.false())
+        )
+
+
+def downgrade():
+    with op.batch_alter_table("activity") as batch_op:
+        batch_op.drop_column("has_route")
+        batch_op.drop_column("efforts_version")
+        batch_op.drop_column("best_efforts")

tests/test_app.py

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import pytest
 from app import create_app
 from app.extensions import db
 from app.models import Activity, Friendship, User
+from app.records import EFFORTS_VERSION, persist_efforts
 from app.services import activity_data, import_cache
 
 
@@ -34,6 +35,7 @@ def app(tmp_path):
                 owner_id=1,
                 source_key="test:1",
                 title="A quiet morning run",
+                has_route=True,
                 sport="running",
                 started_at=datetime(2026, 9, 30, tzinfo=UTC),
                 distance_m=5000,
@@ -90,6 +92,7 @@ def test_personal_records_render_and_remain_owner_only(app):
     with app.app_context():
         row = db.session.get(Activity, 1)
         row.samples = [{"distance": 0, "time": 0}, {"distance": 5000, "time": 1500}]
+        persist_efforts(row)
         row.share_token = "record-test"
         db.session.commit()
     client = app.test_client()
@@ -106,25 +109,196 @@ def test_personal_records_render_and_remain_owner_only(app):
     assert b"5 km PR" not in client.get("/dashboard").data
 
 
+def test_import_and_refresh_persist_efforts_in_the_run_transaction(app):
+    from app.services import activity_from_fit
+
+    doc = {
+        "session": [{"sport": "running", "start_time": "2026-09-30T10:00:00Z"}],
+        "record": [
+            {"timestamp": "2026-09-30T10:00:00Z", "distance": 0},
+            {"timestamp": "2026-09-30T10:05:00Z", "distance": 1000},
+        ],
+    }
+    with app.app_context():
+        row = activity_from_fit(1, "test:new", [doc])
+        db.session.commit()
+        row_id = row.id
+        db.session.remove()
+        row = db.session.get(Activity, row_id)
+        assert row.efforts_version == EFFORTS_VERSION
+        assert row.best_efforts[0]["seconds"] == 300
+        assert activity_from_fit(1, "test:new", [doc]) is None
+        doc["record"][1]["timestamp"] = "2026-09-30T10:04:00Z"
+        activity_from_fit(1, "test:new", [doc], refresh=True)
+        db.session.commit()
+        assert row.best_efforts[0]["seconds"] == 240
+        doc["record"] = []
+        activity_from_fit(1, "test:new", [doc], refresh=True)
+        db.session.commit()
+        assert row.best_efforts == []
+        assert row.efforts_version == EFFORTS_VERSION
+
+
+def test_backfill_is_resumable_and_dashboard_uses_only_stored_efforts(app, monkeypatch):
+    from sqlalchemy import event
+
+    from app import records
+
+    with app.app_context():
+        row = db.session.get(Activity, 1)
+        row.samples = [
+            {"distance": 0, "time": 0, "point": [-33, 151]},
+            {"distance": 5000, "time": 1500},
+        ]
+        db.session.add(
+            Activity(
+                owner_id=1,
+                source_key="old:2",
+                title="Old ride",
+                sport="cycling",
+                started_at=row.started_at,
+                samples=[],
+            )
+        )
+        db.session.commit()
+    runner = app.test_cli_runner()
+    result = runner.invoke(args=["backfill-efforts", "--batch-size", "1"])
+    assert result.exit_code == 0, result.output
+    assert "2 activities backfilled" in result.output
+    result = runner.invoke(args=["backfill-efforts"])
+    assert result.exit_code == 0
+    assert "0 activities backfilled" in result.output
+    with app.app_context():
+        assert db.session.get(Activity, 2).best_efforts == []
+        assert db.session.get(Activity, 2).efforts_version == EFFORTS_VERSION
+        statements = []
+
+        def capture(_conn, _cursor, statement, _params, _context, _many):
+            statements.append(statement)
+
+        event.listen(db.engine, "before_cursor_execute", capture)
+        engine = db.engine
+
+    def fail_calculation(_row):
+        raise AssertionError("Page requests must never calculate from raw samples")
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(records, "best_efforts", fail_calculation)
+    try:
+        client = app.test_client()
+        login(client)
+        assert b"5 km PR" in client.get("/dashboard").data
+        assert all("activity.samples" not in s and "activity.laps" not in s for s in statements)
+        assert b"Best efforts on this run" in client.get("/activities/1").data
+    finally:
+        event.remove(engine, "before_cursor_execute", capture)
+
+
+def test_backfill_keeps_completed_batches_after_failure(app, monkeypatch):
+    from app import records
+
+    with app.app_context():
+        db.session.add(
+            Activity(
+                owner_id=2,
+                source_key="old:2",
+                title="Second athlete",
+                sport="running",
+                started_at=datetime(2026, 1, 1, tzinfo=UTC),
+                samples=[],
+            )
+        )
+        db.session.commit()
+    original = records.persist_efforts
+
+    def fail_second(row):
+        if row.id == 2:
+            raise ValueError("Interrupted batch")
+        original(row)
+
+    monkeypatch.setattr(records, "persist_efforts", fail_second)
+    runner = app.test_cli_runner()
+    result = runner.invoke(args=["backfill-efforts", "--batch-size", "1"])
+    assert result.exit_code != 0
+    with app.app_context():
+        assert db.session.get(Activity, 1).efforts_version == EFFORTS_VERSION
+        assert db.session.get(Activity, 2).efforts_version == 0
+    monkeypatch.setattr(records, "persist_efforts", original)
+    result = runner.invoke(args=["backfill-efforts", "--owner-id", "1"])
+    assert result.exit_code == 0
+    assert "0 activities backfilled" in result.output
+    result = runner.invoke(args=["backfill-efforts", "--batch-size", "1"])
+    assert result.exit_code == 0
+    assert "1 activities backfilled" in result.output
+    result = runner.invoke(args=["backfill-efforts", "--force", "--owner-id", "1"])
+    assert result.exit_code == 0
+    assert "1 activities backfilled" in result.output
+
+
+def test_efforts_migration_upgrades_existing_schema(tmp_path):
+    from sqlalchemy import text
+
+    application = create_app(
+        {
+            "TESTING": True,
+            "SECRET_KEY": "test",
+            "SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI": f"sqlite:///{tmp_path / 'migration.db'}",
+            "RATELIMIT_ENABLED": False,
+        }
+    )
+    runner = application.test_cli_runner()
+    result = runner.invoke(args=["db", "upgrade", "d81b97ae5401"])
+    assert result.exit_code == 0, result.output
+    with application.app_context():
+        db.session.execute(
+            text(
+                "INSERT INTO user (id, username, email, display_name, password_hash, timezone) "
+                "VALUES (1, 'test', 'test@example.test', 'Test', 'test', 'UTC')"
+            )
+        )
+        db.session.execute(
+            text(
+                "INSERT INTO activity (owner_id, source_key, title, sport, started_at, "
+                "distance_m, duration_s, elevation_m, visibility, samples, laps) "
+                "VALUES (1, 'old', 'Old run', 'running', '2026-01-01', "
+                "1000, 300, 0, 'private', '[]', '[]')"
+            )
+        )
+        db.session.commit()
+    result = runner.invoke(args=["db", "upgrade"])
+    assert result.exit_code == 0, result.output
+    with application.app_context():
+        row = db.session.get(Activity, 1)
+        assert row.best_efforts == []
+        assert row.efforts_version == 0
+        assert row.has_route is False
+        assert row.title == "Old run"
+    result = runner.invoke(args=["backfill-efforts"])
+    assert result.exit_code == 0, result.output
+    with application.app_context():
+        assert db.session.get(Activity, 1).efforts_version == EFFORTS_VERSION
+
+
 def test_dashboard_replays_latest_accessible_gps_run(app):
     client = app.test_client()
     login(client)
     page = client.get("/dashboard").data
     assert b'id="dashboard-route-map" data-url="/activities/1/data"' in page
     assert b'id="toggle-route-replay"' not in page
-    assert b'vendor/leaflet.js' in page
+    assert b"vendor/leaflet.js" in page
     assert b'class="dashboard-map"' not in page
     client.post("/logout")
     login(client, "other")
     page = client.get("/dashboard").data
-    assert b'No GPS running route available yet.' in page
+    assert b"No GPS running route available yet." in page
-    assert b'/activities/1/data' not in page
+    assert b"/activities/1/data" not in page
     with app.app_context():
-        db.session.get(Activity, 1).samples = []
+        row = db.session.get(Activity, 1)
+        row.samples = []
+        persist_efforts(row)
         db.session.commit()
     client.post("/logout")
     login(client)
-    assert b'No GPS running route available yet.' in client.get("/dashboard").data
+    assert b"No GPS running route available yet." in client.get("/dashboard").data
 
 
 def test_friend_access_requires_acceptance_and_revokes_immediately(app):

tests/test_records.py

@@ -3,16 +3,18 @@ from types import SimpleNamespace
 
 import pytest
 
-from app.records import best_efforts, record_book
+from app.records import best_efforts, persist_efforts, record_book
 
 
 def run(points, id=1, sport="running"):
-    return SimpleNamespace(
+    activity = SimpleNamespace(
         id=id,
         sport=sport,
         started_at=datetime(2026, 1, 1, tzinfo=UTC) + timedelta(days=id),
         samples=[{"distance": d, "time": t} for d, t in points],
     )
+    persist_efforts(activity)
+    return activity
 
 
 def test_fastest_window_can_start_between_samples():